First off, double thumbs up for the awesome wife!

Best wishes to her and her recovery/fight (you said "had" so hopefully recovery is more accurate)
Here is my opinion and i emphasize opinion because everyone riding style is different, i would love to take a 650+ for a joyride but i would never own one... i have self control but probably not that much, if i owned it, i would hot dog it all the time. and while i fully trust my abilitys on the road i have little faith in other drivers. The 300 keeps me a little bit safer.
One of the biggest selling points and possibly the biggest downfall of the 300 is as you mentioned it will be less "stable" on the highway, BUT this is why it is so (as they say) "Flickable". its a ton of fun and very easy to ride around town and out on the twistys. I personally like being able to ride a bike to its fullest potential, hammering through all the gears and pushing it to its limits, you wont do that with a bigger bike often, if ever. the 650 only weights about 60lbs pounds more, that might help with slightly better stability but the rider position is a little different, more "supersporty" that might be the major factor which i find very uncomfortable for longer periods of riding. The 300 is the perfect balance of upright but still able to tuck down and in when needed and honestly its not the bad on the highway, just keep on your toes and you'll be fine, try not to ride on incredibly windy days.
On the budget friendly note, 50-60 mpg averages will really add up, i did some math a while ago and figured the bike would pay for itself in 2 years if i used it for the majority of my commute.
I didn't mention the 250 because i see no logical reason why anyone would buy one at this point in time. The fuel injection alone is worth the extra 1k, 30% more power and a laundry list of other upgraded features can be chalked up to a bonus.
I also don't see myself upgrading anytime soon, if ever. Due to financial obligations (i had to push pretty hard just to get my 300 this year) and im TOTALLY ok with it

hours/days/weeks of research on the bike and it lived up to every expectation and then some.
im also 5'10" about 195lbs, bike fits me great, altho i will be lowering the foot pegs soon, mostly just for the angle on the shifter. My left ankle is still a little stiff from being broken about 10 years ago.
Let us know which way you end up going!